On October 25th, 2025, the Society of Petroleum Engineers ITS Student Chapter (SPE ITS SC) successfully held ONG 101, an insightful seminar that brought students closer to the real challenges and opportunities within the oil and gas industry. Held at Teater A, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Surabaya, the seminar featured Ir. Zulfikar A. Ali, IPM, Senior Completion and Fracturing Engineer at KUFPEC and ITS Chemical Engineering alumnus, as the keynote speaker. In his opening presentation, Mr. Zulfikar emphasized that safety remains the foremost priority in every stage of oil and gas operations. He explained that the strict regulatory frameworks governing exploration, drilling, and production activities are designed to prevent accidents, mitigate risks associated with H₂S gas exposure, and minimize environmental incidents such as oil spills. According to him, adherence to safety standards is a non-negotiable aspect of engineering professionalism, reflecting the industry's ethical responsibility toward both personnel and the environment. The speaker proceeded to share his personal experiences working across various segments of the oil and gas value chain. He reflected on the challenges and learning processes that shaped his career, encouraging students to pursue their passion with perseverance and integrity. Addressing the growing public perception that the oil and gas industry is a declining sector, Mr. Zulfikar remarked: “Some people say, ‘Oil is running out, why study petroleum engineering?’ But I believe hydrocarbons will still be needed for the next 100 years. Oil and gas will continue to support the world’s energy demand. It will remain part of our journey to achieve global energy targets.” This statement underscored the continuing relevance of Oil and Gas exploration and innovation within the broader context of energy transition and sustainability. While the global energy landscape is shifting toward renewable resources, hydrocarbons will remain essential for industrial processes, petrochemicals, and transitional energy sources in the decades to come. In the technical portion of the session, Mr. Zulfikar elaborated on the cycle of oil and gas operations, covering exploration, drilling, completion, production, and decommissioning. He introduced the concepts of primary, secondary, and tertiary recovery, in which the industry has now reached tertiary recovery. This emphasizes the importance of continuous innovation to improve recovery efficiency and resource sustainability. He highlighted the necessity of “honoring technology” by embracing advancements that enable engineers to address contemporary challenges such as reservoir depletion, environmental impact reduction, and cost optimization. Topics discussed included offshore exploration wells, structural integrity, station-keeping systems, and drill stem testing all of which require interdisciplinary collaboration and robust engineering design. The seminar’s central theme, well-completion, was explored in depth. Mr. Zulfikar discussed the primary challenges faced by completion engineers, particularly in corrosive well environments, where material selection becomes a critical factor. He also addressed the requirements for materials capable of withstanding the extremely low temperatures associated with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) operations, an emerging field aligned with global decarbonization goals. Various artificial lift systems were introduced as solutions for enhancing production from mature wells. Furthermore, the speaker noted that multilateral well technology, though not yet widely implemented in Indonesia, presents significant opportunities for improving reservoir drainage efficiency. Mr. Zulfikar also explained several methods to mitigate sand production, such as gravel packing and screen design, emphasizing that these practices are vital for maintaining well integrity. He concluded this section by introducing smart well technologies, which enable remote monitoring and control to minimize the need for physical intervention, thereby enhancing both safety and efficiency. Beyond technical competence, Mr. Zulfikar stressed that successful engineering practice in the oil and gas industry depends on effective collaboration among diverse disciplines.  Such multidisciplinary cooperation fosters innovative problem-solving and ensures that complex projects meet both operational and environmental standards. The event’s interactive segments demonstrated the enthusiasm of ITS students. The QnA session featured insightful discussions that reflected participants’ curiosity and critical thinking regarding industry practices. The seminar concluded with a PetroQuiz, in which attendees enthusiastically competed to answer technical questions related to the material presented. This activity effectively reinforced the participants’ understanding while maintaining an engaging atmosphere. Through ONG 101, SPE ITS SC successfully bridged academic learning with real-world industry perspectives. The seminar provided valuable exposure to practical engineering challenges and the evolving dynamics of the global energy sector. By presenting both motivational insights and technical expertise, Ir. Zulfikar A. Ali, IPM, not only broadened the participants’ understanding of well completion and production technologies but also inspired them to uphold professional values of safety, innovation, and collaboration.  Writer: Christya Amanda

Surabaya, SPE ITS SC – PT MedcoEnergi Internasional Tbk, commonly known as MedcoEnergi, is a leading Indonesian company engaged in the Oil & Gas, Power Generation, and Copper & Gold Mining businesses. In the Oil and Gas sector, MedcoEnergi focuses on exploration and production activities, primarily within Indonesia.As of today, Friday, October 24, 2025, the Sustainable Development Report on its official website highlights Indonesia’s progress toward achieving SDG 7 – Affordable and Clean Energy. The report shows that Indonesia is moderately improving, although significant challenges remain. This demonstrates Indonesia’s continuous efforts to achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its broader vision of realizing Indonesia Emas 2045.On Monday, October 13, 2025, MedcoEnergi announced through an official press release that the company has been reducing its gas fuel consumption to improve operational efficiency and support the national energy transition agenda. Several initiatives have been implemented across its oil and gas assets. One of the key initiatives is the optimization of the Waste Heat Boiler (WHB) operating mode at the Grissik field, Corridor Block, South Sumatra. WHB is a type of boiler that recovers and utilizes residual heat and exhaust gases from production processes that is still have sufficient power to generate steam, in order to improving efficiency and reducing environmental impact. This optimization has successfully reduced carbon emissions by approximately 19,000 tCO₂e per year.Additional optimization efforts have also been carried out at both offshore and onshore sites. At the Natuna Offshore field, MedcoEnergi optimized operations at the Terubuk-Belida facility by rerouting production flow to operate without compressors, resulting in an annual emissions reduction of about 24,000 tCO₂e. Onshore, the company has implemented electrification—the conversion of systems or processes powered by fossil fuels to electricity-based systems—by switching from gas-fueled generators to the national clean power grid (PLN), alongside optimizing operational modes. Electrification helps reduce energy costs, improve energy efficiency, and support the transition to clean and renewable energy.“Fuel gas efficiency and emission reduction are not merely technical targets but integral to MedcoEnergi’s long-term sustainability roadmap. Since 2022, our initiatives have cumulatively reduced fuel gas consumption by around 18 MMscfd. This achievement reflects our commitment to sustainable innovation, operational excellence, and responsible energy development, creating long-term value for stakeholders while reducing our carbon footprint,” said Ronald Gunawan, Director & Chief Operating Officer of MedcoEnergi.This demonstrates that MedcoEnergi, as a major player in the oil and gas industry, is not solely driven by profitability but also operates responsibly, consciously contributing to environmental sustainability starting from within its own operations.Moving forward, MedcoEnergi will continue strengthening its sustainability agenda through both medium and long-term roadmaps, while also implementing new technologies such as the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)—a thermodynamic cycle that uses organic fluids instead of water to convert heat into electricity, Steam Turbine Generators which convert steam heat into power, and energy storage systems. These initiatives reaffirm MedcoEnergi’s role as an adaptive and responsible energy company, fully committed to supporting Indonesia’s energy resilience and sustainable future.Writer: Aura Hammada

Surabaya, SPE ITS SC - Indonesia’s upstream oil and gas regulator, SKK Migas, has issued a formal warning to Inpex, Japan’s largest oil and gas exploration and production company, has been operating in Indonesia for decades. Through its subsidiary Inpex has yet to begin gas production, prompting growing frustration from Indonesian authorities.  According to SKK Migas, the regulator is applying pressure through both formal warnings and the threat of regulatory action, including the possibility of revoking the concession if significant progress is not achieved. The move reflects Indonesia’s broader push to accelerate upstream projects to meet rising domestic demand and strengthen its role in the global LNG market. Industry observers note that the Masela project could be a game-changer for Indonesia’s gas sector, but only if development is expedited. The government’s warning underscores the urgency: after more than two decades since its discovery, the Masela Block remains untapped.  Writer: Christya Amanda

Every time you gas up your vehicle, you're drawing on the product of a complicated industrial process that converts raw crude oil into something usable. Natural resource crude oil pumped from below-ground reservoirs cannot be used in its native form. In order to be converted into gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, or even asphalt and plastics, it must go through a complex refining process. This article delves into the intricacy of every process used in oil refining, from raw extraction up to the final distribution.Distillation (Fractional Distillation)Refining starts with distillation, or fractional distillation. First, crude oil is heated in a furnace at temperatures ranging from 350°C to 400°C. The scorching blend is then channeled to a distillation column, which is a large steel column in which the constituents of crude oil are separated on the basis of their boiling points. Lighter fractions like gases (propane and butane) and gasoline rise to the top, middle-weight fractions like kerosene and diesel condense in middle levels. Heavier fractions like lubricating oils and asphalt descend to the bottom. Every fraction exits the column at various levels for processing.Conversion ProcessAfter distillation, heavier fractions with large hydrocarbon molecules undergo conversion to produce lighter, more useful products. Cracking breaks these molecules down—either with heat (thermal) or catalysts (catalytic). Reforming restructures them to boost fuel octane, while alkylation combines light molecules into high-octane components for gasoline. These steps maximize the value and efficiency of each barrel of crude oil.Treatment ProcessBefore sales or use, products must be treated for the removal of impurities that can harm engines, pollute the environment, or rust equipment. The process of hydrotreating with hydrogen gas in the removal of sulfur, nitrogen, and trace metals is a critical treatment process. Desulfurization is also a very critical step, especially for those fuels like diesel and gasoline that are under tight low-sulfur requirements. Sweetening operations are used to remove malodorous hydrogen sulfide and other reactive compounds. Sweetening operations ensure petroleum products are clean, efficient, and friendly to the environment.BlendingOnce products have been refined and processed, they are yet to be marketed. The final process is blending, in which different hydrocarbon streams are combined to achieve wanted qualities such as octane number (in gasoline) or cetane number (in diesel). Additives are also added at this stage—for instance, detergents, antioxidants, or anti-knock additives—to improve performance, increase engine life, and reduce emissions. Blending ensures that every liter of fuel meets regulatory requirements and performance standards before it reaches consumers' hands.After being mixed and processed, the end petroleum products are stored in enormous tanks and available for distribution. Distribution logistics are complex and global in nature. They are transported by pipelines, oil tankers, railroad cars, or trucks to refineries and fueling stations. Some are exported, others to airports, industrial facilities, and retail service stations. Such a vast infrastructure makes energy resources on-demand available across continents and regions.It is a very intricate and engineered procedure to transform crude oil into the wide variety of products we use daily. Starting with distillation and molecular changes, then scrubbing and blending, every move is carefully tailored to achieve highest efficiency, security, and quality of product. The next time you pump your gas or hit the air in an airplane, you're relying on this unbelievable system of science, engineering, and logistics. Understanding the processing of oil not only uncovers the hidden complexity of everyday comforts but also highlights the requirement for innovation and sustainability in our energy infrastructure

The Piper Alpha disaster, which occurred in the evening of July 6, 1988, remains the deadliest offshore oil tragedy in history. Located in the North Sea and operated by Occidental Petroleum, Piper Alpha was originally commissioned in 1976 as an oil production platform but later modified to address gas production too. These changes, however, were implemented without adequate redesign or risk analysis, introducing weakness that would eventually be disastrous. That evening, a routine maintenance product escalated into an uncontrollable fire, killing 167 of the 226 individuals on board. Just 61 workers survived the disasters.The tragedy started while performing maintenance on Pump A, where a safety valve was taken out of the pipe and was sealed temporarily using a loose blind flange. Due to failure in the permit-to-work procedure, this important information had not been passed onto the night shift. When Pump B failed during the middle of the night, the crew unknowingly re-started Pump A, which caused a massive gas leak. Shortly after, there was a massive explosion, followed by subsequent explosions and uncontrolled fires. The fire suppression system, which was in manual for diving operations, did not get its activation signal in time.The Cullen Inquiry revealed systematic failures: poor shift communication, faulty platform design, and a safety culture that prioritized production. Gas units were sited perilously close to the control room, and there were few barriers to stop fire spread. Emergency preparedness and equipment maintenance were similarly found to be woefully inadequate.The disaster caused immense loss—167 lives, over £1.7 billion in damages, and a 670-ton oil spill with serious environmental impact. In response, the UK overhauled offshore safety regulations. All 106 recommendations from the Cullen Report were adopted, including a shift to a “goal-setting” safety approach and the introduction of the “Safety Case” system. Requiring companies to provide detailed documentation of hazards, risk management, and mitigation strategies. Regulatory oversight was also transferred to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) to eliminate conflicts of interest.The Piper Alpha disaster marked a turning point in industrial safety worldwide. It emphasized the paramount importance of effective shift communication, disciplined maintenance of safety equipment, good design, and a safety-first attitude at the workplace. It also demonstrated that it is rarely one error that results in catastrophe, but a sequence of ignored risks and poor decisions.

Artificial Intelligence (AI), as the most important general-purpose technology of today, is rapidly entering industries, creating significant potential for innovations and growth. Instead of relying on traditional and human-centered business processes, many companies are beginning to adopt AI as their solution. Therefore, the oil and gas industry is also undergoing a major transformation, integrating AI-driven technologies to optimize operations, enhance decision-making, and improve safety. The primary goal of AI adoption in this sector is to improve efficiency, which means accelerating processes, reducing operational risks, and minimizing costs. AI can process vast amounts of data faster and more accurately than humans, leading to better resource management and production optimization.The first applications of AI in the oil and gas industry were considered in the 1970s, primarily in data analysis and reservoir modeling. Early AI-driven systems helped geologists interpret seismic data, identifying potential drilling sites with higher accuracy. Over time, advancements in machine learning and automation have enabled more sophisticated applications, from predictive maintenance to real-time monitoring of assets. The petroleum industry is typically divided into three main segments: upstream, midstream, and downstream : Upstream – Focuses on exploration and production of crude oil and natural gas. AI enhances reservoir modeling, seismic data analysis, and drilling efficiency, reducing costs and improving accuracy.Midstream – Involves transportation and storage of crude oil and natural gas. AI optimizes pipeline monitoring, predictive maintenance, and logistics, ensuring safe and efficient operations.Downstream – Covers refining, processing, and distribution of petroleum products. AI improves refinery operations, quality control, demand forecasting, and supply chain management, increasing efficiency and reducing waste.While AI adoption offers numerous advantages, it also presents challenges. High implementation costs, the need for skilled professionals, and cybersecurity risks are major concerns. Integrating AI into traditional infrastructure requires significant investment and adaptation. However, these challenges can be addressed through strategic investments in AI training programs, stronger cybersecurity frameworks, and phased AI integration to minimize disruption. Despite these hurdles, AI is essential for the future of the oil and gas industry. It enhances efficiency, reduces environmental impact, and ensures safer operations. As technology evolves, AI-driven solutions will continue to drive innovation, making the industry more sustainable, competitive, and adaptable to future energy demands

Indonesia is at a crucial point in its oil and gas journey. On one hand, the country has vast untapped energy resources that could fuel the economy for years to come. On the other, many of its existing oil fields are aging, leading to declining production. In 2023, Indonesia’s oil and gas industry was valued at around IDR 280 trillion, and experts predict it could grow to IDR 1,050 trillion by 2032. However, sustaining this growth will require new discoveries and smarter investments in exploration.Right now, Indonesia produces about 576,000 barrels of oil per day (bpd), and the government hopes to push this number to 600,000 bpd by 2025. However, the challenge is that 70% of Indonesia’s oil wells are mature, meaning their output is slowing down. If new reserves aren’t developed soon, Indonesia will have to rely more on imports, which could drive up costs and impact energy security.The good news? There’s still a massive opportunity waiting to be explored. Out of 128 sedimentary basins across Indonesia, only 20 are actively producing oil and gas. That means 68 basins remain untouched, offering huge potential for new discoveries. If properly explored, these areas could significantly boost Indonesia’s production and reduce dependence on imported oil.To tap into this potential, both domestic and international companies are stepping in with major investments. One of the biggest projects is Eni’s Geng North Project, a IDR 192 trillion gas project expected to start production by 2027. Similarly, BP is expanding its Tangguh LNG facility in West Papua with a IDR 112 trillion investment, incorporating carbon capture technology to make production more efficient and sustainable. Meanwhile, Petronas is increasing its footprint in Indonesia by setting up operations in East Java and exploring other regions. These investments highlight global confidence in Indonesia’s oil and gas potential.The government isn’t standing still either. Under President Prabowo Subianto, several initiatives are in place to attract more foreign investment, reactivate 5,000 idle oil wells, and speed up the permitting process for new projects. If these efforts are successful, Indonesia could see a major boost in oil and gas production, strengthening energy security and ensuring long-term economic stability.

Indonesia is now officially a member of BRICS, joining a group of major emerging economies that includes Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. This milestone has been a long-standing goal of President Prabowo, who has targeted BRICS membership for over a decade. "In 2014, when I started my attempt at running for president of Indonesia, I did announce that when I become president, I will bring Indonesia to join BRICS. I told my foreign minister that it's time to make a significant new element in the global economy," Prabowo said.BRICS, formed in 2009, was designed to boost trade, investment, and global influence among rapidly developing economies while challenging Western-dominated global institutions. The group's focus on economic growth, reducing reliance on the US dollar, and offering alternatives like the BRICS New Development Bank has grown increasingly relevant as global economic power shifts. Recently, BRICS has expanded to include new members like Iran and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which have strengthened its influence in the global oil market. Together, BRICS now accounts for nearly 41% of global oil production and 35% of oil consumption, with those figures potentially rising if Saudi Arabia joins. At Russian Energy Week in Moscow, BRICS energy ministers discussed energy supply challenges and the possibility of trading outside the US dollar system, further solidifying the group’s growing importance in global energy markets.With its BRICS membership now official, Indonesia stands to gain significant benefits, particularly in the energy sector. Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources, Bahlil Lahadalia, explained that Indonesia could potentially purchase oil from Russia through its new position in BRICS. While Indonesia currently imports oil from the Middle East, some of it could originate from Russia. Bahlil emphasized Indonesia’s active foreign policy, stating that as long as it complies with regulations and benefits the nation, there is no issue with pursuing such opportunities, including engaging with BRICS or other international bodies like the OECD.Luhut Pandjaitan, Chairman of the National Economic Council of Indonesia, highlighted the economic opportunities BRICS membership presents. He noted that Indonesia’s larger market provides new pathways for growth, including better access to energy resources. However, he also warned that Indonesia must be vigilant about the energy challenges currently facing Europe and China, where gas supplies from Russia are being disrupted, which could lead to an energy crisis. Luhut further explained that Indonesia could benefit from cheaper oil prices by engaging with Russia as a BRICS member. "If it benefits our country, we will buy oil from Russia. If we can save $20 or $22 per barrel, why not?" he said.Indonesia's entry into BRICS marks a significant step forward in its foreign policy, aligning the country with some of the world’s fastest-growing economies. This move allows Indonesia to tap into new economic opportunities, particularly in energy markets, and strengthens its position on the global stage. By joining BRICS, Indonesia not only gains access to cheaper oil imports but also becomes a more influential player in shaping global trade and energy strategies. As BRICS continues to challenge Western-dominated systems and shape global economic policies, Indonesia's membership is poised to further its strategic interests in energy security, market expansion, and international cooperation.Written by : Exaudi Abetnego Tampubolon